John Keiger

The stakes in the Kriegsschuldfrage, or war guilt question, were extremely high

Money is the sinew of any state. France can either cull its expenditure or levy more taxes

The country will probably be ungovernable for some time to come

Three years of domestic political turmoil will dissipate the country’s ability to perform its international role at a time of significant global tension

The losers include moderation, the European Union, France’s stature in the world — and of course Emmanuel Macron